Autumn Downey on mon 13 sep 99
I have been fiddling with this glaze recently and it's mostly all right but
not entirely. Can anyone make suggestions?
Orange or yellow glaze
======================
CUSTER FELDSPAR..... 32.00 29.09%
WHITING............. 12.00 10.91%
SILICA.............. 26.00 23.64%
ZINC OXIDE.......... 6.50 5.91%
EPK KAOLIN.......... 13.00 11.82%
FRIT 3134........... 6.00 5.45%
GERSTLEY BORATE..... 4.50 4.09%
RUTILE.............. 10.00 9.09%
========
110.00
CaO 0.52* 8.78%
MgO 0.02* 0.20%
K2O 0.12* 3.34%
Na2O 0.09* 1.73%
ZnO 0.26* 6.40%
TiO2 0.40 9.76%
ZrO2 0.00 0.09%
Al2O3 0.34 10.40%
B2O3 0.12 2.60%
P2O5 0.00 0.03%
SiO2 3.10 56.52%
Fe2O3 0.00 0.16%
Cost/kg 2.47
Si:Al 9.23
SiB:Al 9.59
Expan 7.82
Notes:
regular rutile = orange
light rutile = yellow
The main complaint is that it pits/pinholes sometimes - usually in the
hotter parts of the kiln. With 10% regular rutile, it's an orange. At
hotter temps it moves towards a salmon colour but as I said, is not so smooth.
I've also made up a version with light rutile which is quite a nice yellow.
Second question. Is there a source of light rutile besides US Pigment?
Or is there another way to achieve a yellow colour? Instead of 10% rutile,
would, say 1% Red iron, and 5% titanium and 4% tin be a possible option?
Just thinking that all the Ti in rutile might be responsible for the
stiffness of the glaze, pinholing, etc.
I also found a posting in the archives by Tom Buck saying that light rutile
was regular rutile only more finely ground. What would happen if regular
rutile was ball milled.
Or for that matter titanium? It always seems like quite a coarse chemical
esp for a not enthusiastic melter.
I am fascinated by titanium because of all the great things it is supposed
to do, but haven't yet come across anything (in real life) that's too notable.
Thanks for suggestions.
Autumn Downey
downeya@internorth.com
Yellowknife, NWT, Canada
Barney Adams on tue 14 sep 99
Hi,
Ron may have a better suggestion but how about trying to reformulate
with a little strontium. It melts early and helps smooth out the glaze.
Barney
Autumn Downey wrote:
> ----------------------------Original message----------------------------
> I have been fiddling with this glaze recently and it's mostly all right but
> not entirely. Can anyone make suggestions?
>
> Orange or yellow glaze
> ======================
> CUSTER FELDSPAR..... 32.00 29.09%
> WHITING............. 12.00 10.91%
> SILICA.............. 26.00 23.64%
> ZINC OXIDE.......... 6.50 5.91%
> EPK KAOLIN.......... 13.00 11.82%
> FRIT 3134........... 6.00 5.45%
> GERSTLEY BORATE..... 4.50 4.09%
> RUTILE.............. 10.00 9.09%
> ========
> 110.00
>
> CaO 0.52* 8.78%
> MgO 0.02* 0.20%
> K2O 0.12* 3.34%
> Na2O 0.09* 1.73%
> ZnO 0.26* 6.40%
> TiO2 0.40 9.76%
> ZrO2 0.00 0.09%
> Al2O3 0.34 10.40%
> B2O3 0.12 2.60%
> P2O5 0.00 0.03%
> SiO2 3.10 56.52%
> Fe2O3 0.00 0.16%
>
> Cost/kg 2.47
> Si:Al 9.23
> SiB:Al 9.59
> Expan 7.82
>
> Notes:
> regular rutile = orange
> light rutile = yellow
>
> The main complaint is that it pits/pinholes sometimes - usually in the
> hotter parts of the kiln. With 10% regular rutile, it's an orange. At
> hotter temps it moves towards a salmon colour but as I said, is not so smooth.
>
> I've also made up a version with light rutile which is quite a nice yellow.
>
> Second question. Is there a source of light rutile besides US Pigment?
>
> Or is there another way to achieve a yellow colour? Instead of 10% rutile,
> would, say 1% Red iron, and 5% titanium and 4% tin be a possible option?
> Just thinking that all the Ti in rutile might be responsible for the
> stiffness of the glaze, pinholing, etc.
>
> I also found a posting in the archives by Tom Buck saying that light rutile
> was regular rutile only more finely ground. What would happen if regular
> rutile was ball milled.
>
> Or for that matter titanium? It always seems like quite a coarse chemical
> esp for a not enthusiastic melter.
>
> I am fascinated by titanium because of all the great things it is supposed
> to do, but haven't yet come across anything (in real life) that's too notable.
>
> Thanks for suggestions.
>
> Autumn Downey
> downeya@internorth.com
> Yellowknife, NWT, Canada
David Hendley on tue 14 sep 99
My experience has been that anytime rutile is added
in percentages higher than about 7%, there is a risk
of pinholes.
I'm not saying, 'You WILL get pinholes if you add more
than 7% rutile,' just that it increases the likelihood.
Same for titanium dioxide.
Light rutile has less iron in it than dark rutile.
Either can be milled coarse or fine.
Many companies market rutile.
Titanium is an opacifier, but it does much more than
opacity, so you will loose the mottling character of
titanium if you replace it with tin oxide.
Theoretically, rutile is iron and titanium, but substituting
iron and titanium for rutile will likely not give the same
result.
If you want a true yellow, you can use yellow cadmium
inclusion stain made by Cerdac. Maybe 5% rutile and
5% stain would give what you want.
Two drawbacks to the stain:
It's expensive - about $40 a pound.
It's cadmium, a very dangerous chemical. The manufacturer
claims that the stain is food-safe, but I will only use it
on the outside of containers. If you plan to use it in a
food-contact glaze you should have it tested for cadmium
release.
--
David Hendley
Maydelle, Texas
hendley@tyler.net
http://www.farmpots.com/
----- Original Message -----
From: Autumn Downey
To:
Sent: Monday, September 13, 1999 1:33 PM
Subject: orange/yellow glaze
| ----------------------------Original message----------------------------
| I have been fiddling with this glaze recently and it's mostly all right
but
| not entirely. Can anyone make suggestions?
|
| Orange or yellow glaze
| ======================
| CUSTER FELDSPAR..... 32.00 29.09%
| WHITING............. 12.00 10.91%
| SILICA.............. 26.00 23.64%
| ZINC OXIDE.......... 6.50 5.91%
| EPK KAOLIN.......... 13.00 11.82%
| FRIT 3134........... 6.00 5.45%
| GERSTLEY BORATE..... 4.50 4.09%
| RUTILE.............. 10.00 9.09%
| ========
| 110.00
|
| CaO 0.52* 8.78%
| MgO 0.02* 0.20%
| K2O 0.12* 3.34%
| Na2O 0.09* 1.73%
| ZnO 0.26* 6.40%
| TiO2 0.40 9.76%
| ZrO2 0.00 0.09%
| Al2O3 0.34 10.40%
| B2O3 0.12 2.60%
| P2O5 0.00 0.03%
| SiO2 3.10 56.52%
| Fe2O3 0.00 0.16%
|
| Cost/kg 2.47
| Si:Al 9.23
| SiB:Al 9.59
| Expan 7.82
|
| Notes:
| regular rutile = orange
| light rutile = yellow
|
|
| The main complaint is that it pits/pinholes sometimes - usually in the
| hotter parts of the kiln. With 10% regular rutile, it's an orange. At
| hotter temps it moves towards a salmon colour but as I said, is not so
smooth.
|
| I've also made up a version with light rutile which is quite a nice
yellow.
|
| Second question. Is there a source of light rutile besides US Pigment?
|
| Or is there another way to achieve a yellow colour? Instead of 10%
rutile,
| would, say 1% Red iron, and 5% titanium and 4% tin be a possible option?
| Just thinking that all the Ti in rutile might be responsible for the
| stiffness of the glaze, pinholing, etc.
|
| I also found a posting in the archives by Tom Buck saying that light
rutile
| was regular rutile only more finely ground. What would happen if regular
| rutile was ball milled.
|
| Or for that matter titanium? It always seems like quite a coarse
chemical
| esp for a not enthusiastic melter.
|
| I am fascinated by titanium because of all the great things it is supposed
| to do, but haven't yet come across anything (in real life) that's too
notable.
|
| Thanks for suggestions.
|
| Autumn Downey
| downeya@internorth.com
| Yellowknife, NWT, Canada
|
Mike Bailey on tue 14 sep 99
In message , Autumn Downey writes
Dear Autumn,
I've had just the same problem with a rather similar glaze. Fired at
cone 6 it was great but at cone 8 - which is the temperature/firing
range that is still most common in the U.K. - it had the sharp burst
bubbles and pinholes you mention.
I'm going to try cutting out the Zinc oxide as the next step in getting
it to work at ^8 but don't know if this will be the answer! I've known
other high titanium glazes (without zinc) that also pinhole.
Anyway, can you just keep your temp. down a bit towards/at ^6.
Re the rutile. We have great problems with variation in the rutiles we
get here. I've gone along the track of just using titanium - at least
it's consistent. This also gives yellows at 7.5 and 10%
You can also get nice shino type oranges by adding 5% tin and 1 - 3% red
iron oxide.
Hope this is of some help,
Mike.
>----------------------------Original message----------------------------
>I have been fiddling with this glaze recently and it's mostly all right but
>not entirely. Can anyone make suggestions?
>
> Orange or yellow glaze
> ======================
> CUSTER FELDSPAR..... 32.00 29.09%
> WHITING............. 12.00 10.91%
> SILICA.............. 26.00 23.64%
> ZINC OXIDE.......... 6.50 5.91%
> EPK KAOLIN.......... 13.00 11.82%
> FRIT 3134........... 6.00 5.45%
> GERSTLEY BORATE..... 4.50 4.09%
> RUTILE.............. 10.00 9.09%
> ========
> 110.00
>
> CaO 0.52* 8.78%
> MgO 0.02* 0.20%
> K2O 0.12* 3.34%
> Na2O 0.09* 1.73%
> ZnO 0.26* 6.40%
> TiO2 0.40 9.76%
> ZrO2 0.00 0.09%
> Al2O3 0.34 10.40%
> B2O3 0.12 2.60%
> P2O5 0.00 0.03%
> SiO2 3.10 56.52%
> Fe2O3 0.00 0.16%
>
> Cost/kg 2.47
> Si:Al 9.23
> SiB:Al 9.59
> Expan 7.82
>
> Notes:
> regular rutile = orange
> light rutile = yellow
>
>
>The main complaint is that it pits/pinholes sometimes - usually in the
>hotter parts of the kiln. With 10% regular rutile, it's an orange. At
>hotter temps it moves towards a salmon colour but as I said, is not so smooth.
>
>I've also made up a version with light rutile which is quite a nice yellow.
>
>Second question. Is there a source of light rutile besides US Pigment?
>
>Or is there another way to achieve a yellow colour? Instead of 10% rutile,
>would, say 1% Red iron, and 5% titanium and 4% tin be a possible option?
>Just thinking that all the Ti in rutile might be responsible for the
>stiffness of the glaze, pinholing, etc.
>
>I also found a posting in the archives by Tom Buck saying that light rutile
>was regular rutile only more finely ground. What would happen if regular
>rutile was ball milled.
>
>Or for that matter titanium? It always seems like quite a coarse chemical
>esp for a not enthusiastic melter.
>
>I am fascinated by titanium because of all the great things it is supposed
>to do, but haven't yet come across anything (in real life) that's too notable.
>
>Thanks for suggestions.
>
>Autumn Downey
>downeya@internorth.com
>Yellowknife, NWT, Canada
>
--
Mike Bailey
Tempy Larew on tue 14 sep 99
All together now-----What cone are you trying to fire?????
At 02:33 PM 9/13/99 EDT, you wrote:
>----------------------------Original message----------------------------
>I have been fiddling with this glaze recently and it's mostly all right but
>not entirely. Can anyone make suggestions?
>
> Orange or yellow glaze
> ======================
> CUSTER FELDSPAR..... 32.00 29.09%
> WHITING............. 12.00 10.91%
> SILICA.............. 26.00 23.64%
> ZINC OXIDE.......... 6.50 5.91%
> EPK KAOLIN.......... 13.00 11.82%
> FRIT 3134........... 6.00 5.45%
> GERSTLEY BORATE..... 4.50 4.09%
> RUTILE.............. 10.00 9.09%
> ========
> 110.00
>
> CaO 0.52* 8.78%
> MgO 0.02* 0.20%
> K2O 0.12* 3.34%
> Na2O 0.09* 1.73%
> ZnO 0.26* 6.40%
> TiO2 0.40 9.76%
> ZrO2 0.00 0.09%
> Al2O3 0.34 10.40%
> B2O3 0.12 2.60%
> P2O5 0.00 0.03%
> SiO2 3.10 56.52%
> Fe2O3 0.00 0.16%
>
> Cost/kg 2.47
> Si:Al 9.23
> SiB:Al 9.59
> Expan 7.82
>
> Notes:
> regular rutile = orange
> light rutile = yellow
>
>
>The main complaint is that it pits/pinholes sometimes - usually in the
>hotter parts of the kiln. With 10% regular rutile, it's an orange. At
>hotter temps it moves towards a salmon colour but as I said, is not so
smooth.
>
>I've also made up a version with light rutile which is quite a nice yellow.
>
>Second question. Is there a source of light rutile besides US Pigment?
>
>Or is there another way to achieve a yellow colour? Instead of 10% rutile,
>would, say 1% Red iron, and 5% titanium and 4% tin be a possible option?
>Just thinking that all the Ti in rutile might be responsible for the
>stiffness of the glaze, pinholing, etc.
>
>I also found a posting in the archives by Tom Buck saying that light rutile
>was regular rutile only more finely ground. What would happen if regular
>rutile was ball milled.
>
>Or for that matter titanium? It always seems like quite a coarse chemical
>esp for a not enthusiastic melter.
>
>I am fascinated by titanium because of all the great things it is supposed
>to do, but haven't yet come across anything (in real life) that's too
notable.
>
>Thanks for suggestions.
>
>Autumn Downey
>downeya@internorth.com
>Yellowknife, NWT, Canada
>
>
Autumn Downey on wed 15 sep 99
Did it again! Sorry. Cone 6.
Since posting the recipe the first time, Khaimraj Seepersad sent a message
about some of titanium's qualities - including its action being similar to
alumina, so have reformulated a test with volcanic ash for part of the
feldspar, so as to drop the alumina. (This also reduced expansion which
was sort of high).
Thoughts on low alumina titanium glazes?
Autumn Downey
04:44 PM 1999-09-14 EDT, you wrote:
>----------------------------Original message----------------------------
>All together now-----What cone are you trying to fire?????
>
>
>At 02:33 PM 9/13/99 EDT, you wrote:
>>----------------------------Original message----------------------------
>>I have been fiddling with this glaze recently and it's mostly all right but
>>not entirely. Can anyone make suggestions?
>>
>> Orange or yellow glaze
>> ======================
>> CUSTER FELDSPAR..... 32.00 29.09%
>> WHITING............. 12.00 10.91%
>> SILICA.............. 26.00 23.64%
>> ZINC OXIDE.......... 6.50 5.91%
>> EPK KAOLIN.......... 13.00 11.82%
>> FRIT 3134........... 6.00 5.45%
>> GERSTLEY BORATE..... 4.50 4.09%
>> RUTILE.............. 10.00 9.09%
>> ========
>> 110.00
>>
>> CaO 0.52* 8.78%
>> MgO 0.02* 0.20%
>> K2O 0.12* 3.34%
>> Na2O 0.09* 1.73%
>> ZnO 0.26* 6.40%
>> TiO2 0.40 9.76%
>> ZrO2 0.00 0.09%
>> Al2O3 0.34 10.40%
>> B2O3 0.12 2.60%
>> P2O5 0.00 0.03%
>> SiO2 3.10 56.52%
>> Fe2O3 0.00 0.16%
>>
>> Cost/kg 2.47
>> Si:Al 9.23
>> SiB:Al 9.59
>> Expan 7.82
>>
| |
|
