Edouard Bastarache on mon 25 mar 02
Hello Richard,
"Some of the largest being mined today are located in Quebec, Canada.
Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process, it is possible to
create synthetic rutile, and purify ilmenite and rutile to much higher
concentrations of titania."
It is an ilmenite mine we have in Quebec:
QIT-Ilmenite:
QIT stands for Quebec Iron & Titanium, it owns a huge ilmenite mine in
northeastern Quebec;
the ore is shipped to Tracy where it is processed to titanium dioxide slags,
iron pigs,
steel billets, steel auto parts, etc.
A typical analysis is as such :
SiO2 10.54
Al2O3 6.70
Fe2O3 32.72
TiO2 25.69
CaO 2.06
MgO 3.76
FeO 12.7
Imputities 5.66
Total 100
In their 9 90 ton reduction furnaces it is transformed into QIT-Sorelslag:
TiO2 82%
FeO 8.0%
SiO2 2.0%
Al2O3 3.0%
MgO 5.0%
Total 100%
QIT-UGS is Sorelslag refined using diluted hydrochloric acid
UGS means Upgraded Slag :
TIO2 94.13%
FE2O3 1.09%
AL2O3 0.45%
CAO 0.11%
MGO 0.45%
P205 0.004%
MNO 0.02%
SIO2 2.69%
CR2O3 0.08%
V2O5 0.42%
ZRO2 0.07%
NB2O5 0.01%
CL- 0.12%
L.O.I 0.35%
It is a granular (for the moment) synthetic rutle, they produce 200,000 tons
per year.
"Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process,"
These proceses are used to produce various grades of titanium dioxide,
some of these grades are called rutile, but the stuff is pure white.
I use all of their materials in my glazes, even their waste materials.
Later,
Edouard Bastarache
Irreductible Quebecois
Indomitable Quebeker
Sorel-Tracy
Quebec
edouardb@sorel-tracy.qc.ca
http://sorel-tracy.qc.ca/~edouardb/
http://perso.wanadoo.fr/smart2000/index.htm
Richard Aerni on mon 25 mar 02
Okay!! Another piece of the puzzle, at least as it pertains to the =
rutile question. I've been doing a bit more research, and a lot more =
fact checking...when someone like Michael Banks posts and some of his =
information is a bit out of whack with what I've been told, I get a =
little queasy. I've learned so much from his posts, and from follow-ups =
of them I've done on my own, that I feel the need to get things straight =
when my info differs from his. =20
I talked this morning to one of the tech people at the former TAM =
Ceramics plant in Niagara Falls, NY. I say former, since it's been =
bought twice since my last conversation with them. The new owners are =
Ferro Corp. Although they are apparently a division of Consolidated =
Rutile Limited, of Australia, which is a division of Iluka Corporation. =
It's a big hungry world out there!
Anyway, Ferro (ex TAM) is where I get my rutile from, where Laguna gets =
theirs from, and Trinity Ceramics in Dallas, TX as well (according to =
David Hendley). They sell a number of different titania and zircon =
products. The two I've used and tested are Ruflux 61 (dark rutile) and =
Ceramic Grade Rutile. What are the differences between the two? Very =
little, apparently. Ruflux (dark) rutile has a mesh size of 325, as =
does Ceramic Grade rutile. The Ceramic Grade will pass 99.5% through a =
325 mesh screen, while Ruflux passes 98.5% through a 325 mesh screen. =
The Ceramic Grade is indeed calcined in order to eliminate organics that =
may have been present for one reason or another. The engineer couldn't =
remember the exact calcining temperature, but said it would be a maximum =
of 1000C, which isn't enough to affect the crystalline structure. So, =
Michael, the calcining doesn't affect anything but the purity. Whether =
or not other rutile supply companies calcine their ceramic grade, or =
light rutiles, I can't say. I intend to do some more research and find =
out. =20
Most of the rutile that Ferro uses comes from Australia. More =
specifically, it is mined on the island of North Stradbroke, off the =
coast of Queensland. This rutile is in the form of beach sands, which =
were laid down by wave action when the mainland igneous rock weathered. =
It is gathered and separated into various products, by the processes =
outlined in the web site, which I've highlighted below, in case anyone =
wants to check it out:=20
http://www.consrutile.com.au/ABOUTCRL/dwnstream.htm
The rutile Ferro sells in the USA is a blend of the Australian rutile =
sands, and other rutile sands they obtain from Florida (also beach =
sands). The Florida rutile has a lower silica content, but is higher in =
iron. The Australian rutile is the major component in the Ruflux and =
Ceramic Grade rutile. According to CRL's website, there are about =
another 25 years worth of rutile sands on North Stradbroke Island =
remaining. After the rutile is separated and graded in Australia, it is =
shipped to the US, where it comes to the Ferro plant in Niagara Falls. =
There it is blended and milled. A typical analysis of the Ceramic Grade =
rutile is appended below, although the engineer stated that every single =
bargeload they receive has a slightly different chemical analysis. When =
they are operating their line, they test a sample every hour for =
consistency. He mentioned that they process 3 million tons per year. =20
They also have mines in Virginia, which are solid rock mines. These =
they use specifically for their zircon products, though according to my =
information, there are also significant rutile and ilmenite deposits =
present. =20
There are many other sources of rutile and titania throughout the world. =
Some of the largest being mined today are located in Quebec, Canada. =
Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process, it is possible =
to create synthetic rutile, and purify ilmenite and rutile to much =
higher concentrations of titania. Whether any of these products are =
being sold to the ceramic industry as rutile, I can't say. At the =
moment, I'm awaiting faxes from a number of other sellers of rutile to =
the ceramic market whose samples I hold, giving me a chemical analysis =
and source of their product. Since these samples range in color from =
charcoal gray to lemon yellow, it would be interesting to see where the =
differences lie. =20
Lest you think I'm some kind of certifiable wacko on this subject, rest =
easy. I've just got an inquiring mind, and a line of work whose =
integrity rests upon a relatively stable and constant source of rutile. =
I've had to do a lot of this inquiry in order to save my bacon, from =
time to time. But I must confess that I find it all pretty fascinating, =
as well. As I get more info, I'll be glad to share it with the list, =
unless I hear a loud chorus of NOs from the group. =20
Certified Analysis Report Ferro Electronic Materials
Ceramic Rutile Product #54429 Lot No. 94
SiO2 .69
Al2O3 .20
Fe2O3 .88
TiO2 94.89
ZrO2 .77
V2O5 .55
Cr2O3 .20
P3 .007
S3 .01
Best,
=20
Richard Aerni
Bloomfield, NY
Craig Martell on mon 25 mar 02
Hi Richard:
Thanks for taking the time to share the updates on Rutile. It takes time
to do all that stuff as you well know and I just wanted to tell you that
your sharing that info is greatly appreciated. I'll need to buy more
rutile in about a year if my present consumption continues at the same rate.
regards, Craig Martell in Oregon
Susan Cline on tue 26 mar 02
Very interesting. Thank you, Richard, for this information. As an absolute rookie with regard to glaze formulation, and someone who thinks the effects of rutile are pretty gorgeous much of the time, I was amazed to see that CRL mines 3 million tons of the stuff each year -- so I had a look at the website you cited. The Titanium explained it and opened my eyes in many ways.
This group is so fantastic -- how fortunate all of us are to have these mutual resources for information, encouragement, and potential friendship.
Thank you again!
----- Original Message -----
From: Richard Aerni
Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2002 12:02:34 -0500
To: CLAYART@LSV.CERAMICS.ORG
Subject: Rutile, Rutile, Rutile!!!
> Okay!! Another piece of the puzzle, at least as it pertains to the rutile question. I've been doing a bit more research, and a lot more fact checking...when someone like Michael Banks posts and some of his information is a bit out of whack with what I've been told, I get a little queasy. I've learned so much from his posts, and from follow-ups of them I've done on my own, that I feel the need to get things straight when my info differs from his.
>
> I talked this morning to one of the tech people at the former TAM Ceramics plant in Niagara Falls, NY. I say former, since it's been bought twice since my last conversation with them. The new owners are Ferro Corp. Although they are apparently a division of Consolidated Rutile Limited, of Australia, which is a division of Iluka Corporation. It's a big hungry world out there!
>
> Anyway, Ferro (ex TAM) is where I get my rutile from, where Laguna gets theirs from, and Trinity Ceramics in Dallas, TX as well (according to David Hendley). They sell a number of different titania and zircon products. The two I've used and tested are Ruflux 61 (dark rutile) and Ceramic Grade Rutile. What are the differences between the two? Very little, apparently. Ruflux (dark) rutile has a mesh size of 325, as does Ceramic Grade rutile. The Ceramic Grade will pass 99.5% through a 325 mesh screen, while Ruflux passes 98.5% through a 325 mesh screen. The Ceramic Grade is indeed calcined in order to eliminate organics that may have been present for one reason or another. The engineer couldn't remember the exact calcining temperature, but said it would be a maximum of 1000C, which isn't enough to affect the crystalline structure. So, Michael, the calcining doesn't affect anything but the purity. Whether or not other rutile supply companies calcine their ceramic grade, or light rutiles, I can't say. I intend to do some more research and find out.
>
> Most of the rutile that Ferro uses comes from Australia. More specifically, it is mined on the island of North Stradbroke, off the coast of Queensland. This rutile is in the form of beach sands, which were laid down by wave action when the mainland igneous rock weathered. It is gathered and separated into various products, by the processes outlined in the web site, which I've highlighted below, in case anyone wants to check it out:
>
> http://www.consrutile.com.au/ABOUTCRL/dwnstream.htm
>
> The rutile Ferro sells in the USA is a blend of the Australian rutile sands, and other rutile sands they obtain from Florida (also beach sands). The Florida rutile has a lower silica content, but is higher in iron. The Australian rutile is the major component in the Ruflux and Ceramic Grade rutile. According to CRL's website, there are about another 25 years worth of rutile sands on North Stradbroke Island remaining. After the rutile is separated and graded in Australia, it is shipped to the US, where it comes to the Ferro plant in Niagara Falls. There it is blended and milled. A typical analysis of the Ceramic Grade rutile is appended below, although the engineer stated that every single bargeload they receive has a slightly different chemical analysis. When they are operating their line, they test a sample every hour for consistency. He mentioned that they process 3 million tons per year.
>
> They also have mines in Virginia, which are solid rock mines. These they use specifically for their zircon products, though according to my information, there are also significant rutile and ilmenite deposits present.
>
> There are many other sources of rutile and titania throughout the world. Some of the largest being mined today are located in Quebec, Canada. Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process, it is possible to create synthetic rutile, and purify ilmenite and rutile to much higher concentrations of titania. Whether any of these products are being sold to the ceramic industry as rutile, I can't say. At the moment, I'm awaiting faxes from a number of other sellers of rutile to the ceramic market whose samples I hold, giving me a chemical analysis and source of their product. Since these samples range in color from charcoal gray to lemon yellow, it would be interesting to see where the differences lie.
>
> Lest you think I'm some kind of certifiable wacko on this subject, rest easy. I've just got an inquiring mind, and a line of work whose integrity rests upon a relatively stable and constant source of rutile. I've had to do a lot of this inquiry in order to save my bacon, from time to time. But I must confess that I find it all pretty fascinating, as well. As I get more info, I'll be glad to share it with the list, unless I hear a loud chorus of NOs from the group.
>
> Certified Analysis Report Ferro Electronic Materials
> Ceramic Rutile Product #54429 Lot No. 94
>
> SiO2 .69
> Al2O3 .20
> Fe2O3 .88
> TiO2 94.89
> ZrO2 .77
> V2O5 .55
> Cr2O3 .20
> P3 .007
> S3 .01
>
> Best,
>
> Richard Aerni
> Bloomfield, NY
>
> ______________________________________________________________________________
> Send postings to clayart@lsv.ceramics.org
>
> You may look at the archives for the list or change your subscription
> settings from http://www.ceramics.org/clayart/
>
> Moderator of the list is Mel Jacobson who may be reached at melpots@pclink.com.
>
--
Edouard Bastarache on tue 26 mar 02
Hello Richard,
"Et maintenant la suite":
1-QIT-Ilmenite :
SORELFLUXT ilmenite ore has specific sizes (between 10 and 40 mm) and is
sold to
steel mills (steelworks) throughout the world. Ilmenite is used to protect
the crucibles of
blast furnaces and thus extend their useful life.
The titanium dioxide (TiO2) contained in the ilmenite helps prevent and
repair premature
erosion of the furnace refractory lining by forming a protective layer on
the fire box lining.
2-QIT-Sorelslag :
SORELSLAGT has a titanium dioxide content of about 80%. It is sold primarily
to pigment producers that use the sulphate process. As QIT's key product,
SORELSLAGT has made
QIT one of the world's leading suppliers to this market.
3-QIT-UGS :
UGST slag, QIT's newest product, has a titanium dioxide content of 94.5%. It
is supplied to the growing market of pigment producers that use the chloride
process. To meet the rising demand, the UGS plant, with an initial capacity
of 200,000 tons, has a potential capacity of 600,000 tons.
Later,
Edouard Bastarache
Irreductible Quebecois
Indomitable Quebeker
Sorel-Tracy
Quebec
edouardb@sorel-tracy.qc.ca
http://sorel-tracy.qc.ca/~edouardb/
http://perso.wanadoo.fr/smart2000/index.htm
----- Original Message -----
From: Edouard Bastarache
To:
Sent: Monday, March 25, 2002 6:23 PM
Subject: Re: Rutile, Rutile, Rutile!!!
> Hello Richard,
>
> "Some of the largest being mined today are located in Quebec, Canada.
> Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process, it is possible
to
> create synthetic rutile, and purify ilmenite and rutile to much higher
> concentrations of titania."
>
> It is an ilmenite mine we have in Quebec:
>
> QIT-Ilmenite:
> QIT stands for Quebec Iron & Titanium, it owns a huge ilmenite mine in
> northeastern Quebec;
> the ore is shipped to Tracy where it is processed to titanium dioxide
slags,
> iron pigs,
> steel billets, steel auto parts, etc.
>
> A typical analysis is as such :
> SiO2 10.54
> Al2O3 6.70
> Fe2O3 32.72
> TiO2 25.69
> CaO 2.06
> MgO 3.76
> FeO 12.7
> Imputities 5.66
> Total 100
>
> In their 9 90 ton reduction furnaces it is transformed into QIT-Sorelslag:
>
> TiO2 82%
> FeO 8.0%
> SiO2 2.0%
> Al2O3 3.0%
> MgO 5.0%
> Total 100%
>
> QIT-UGS is Sorelslag refined using diluted hydrochloric acid
> UGS means Upgraded Slag :
>
> TIO2 94.13%
> FE2O3 1.09%
> AL2O3 0.45%
> CAO 0.11%
> MGO 0.45%
> P205 0.004%
> MNO 0.02%
> SIO2 2.69%
> CR2O3 0.08%
> V2O5 0.42%
> ZRO2 0.07%
> NB2O5 0.01%
> CL- 0.12%
> L.O.I 0.35%
>
> It is a granular (for the moment) synthetic rutle, they produce 200,000
tons
> per year.
>
> "Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process,"
> These proceses are used to produce various grades of titanium dioxide,
> some of these grades are called rutile, but the stuff is pure white.
>
> I use all of their materials in my glazes, even their waste materials.
>
>
>
> Later,
>
>
>
> Edouard Bastarache
> Irreductible Quebecois
> Indomitable Quebeker
> Sorel-Tracy
> Quebec
> edouardb@sorel-tracy.qc.ca
> http://sorel-tracy.qc.ca/~edouardb/
> http://perso.wanadoo.fr/smart2000/index.htm
>
>
____________________________________________________________________________
__
> Send postings to clayart@lsv.ceramics.org
>
> You may look at the archives for the list or change your subscription
> settings from http://www.ceramics.org/clayart/
>
> Moderator of the list is Mel Jacobson who may be reached at
melpots@pclink.com.
Richard Aerni on tue 16 sep 03
Okay!! Another piece of the puzzle, at least as it pertains to the rutile
question. I've been doing a bit more research, and a lot more fact
checking...when someone like Michael Banks posts and some of his
information is a bit out of whack with what I've been told, I get a little
queasy. I've learned so much from his posts, and from follow-ups of them
I've done on my own, that I feel the need to get things straight when my
info differs from his.
I talked this morning to one of the tech people at the former TAM Ceramics
plant in Niagara Falls, NY. I say former, since it's been bought twice
since my last conversation with them. The new owners are Ferro Corp.
Although they are apparently a division of Consolidated Rutile Limited, of
Australia, which is a division of Iluka Corporation. It's a big hungry
world out there!
Anyway, Ferro (ex TAM) is where I get my rutile from, where Laguna gets
theirs from, and Trinity Ceramics in Dallas, TX as well (according to David
Hendley). They sell a number of different titania and zircon products.
The two I've used and tested are Ruflux 61 (dark rutile) and Ceramic Grade
Rutile. What are the differences between the two? Very little,
apparently. Ruflux (dark) rutile has a mesh size of 325, as does Ceramic
Grade rutile. The Ceramic Grade will pass 99.5% through a 325 mesh screen,
while Ruflux passes 98.5% through a 325 mesh screen. The Ceramic Grade is
indeed calcined in order to eliminate organics that may have been present
for one reason or another. The engineer couldn't remember the exact
calcining temperature, but said it would be a maximum of 1000C, which isn't
enough to affect the crystalline structure. So, Michael, the calcining
doesn't affect anything but the purity. Whether or not other rutile supply
companies calcine their ceramic grade, or light rutiles, I can't say. I
intend to do some more research and find out.
Most of the rutile that Ferro uses comes from Australia. More
specifically, it is mined on the island of North Stradbroke, off the coast
of Queensland. This rutile is in the form of beach sands, which were laid
down by wave action when the mainland igneous rock weathered. It is
gathered and separated into various products, by the processes outlined in
the web site, which I've highlighted below, in case anyone wants to check
it out:
http://www.consrutile.com.au/ABOUTCRL/dwnstream.htm
The rutile Ferro sells in the USA is a blend of the Australian rutile
sands, and other rutile sands they obtain from Florida (also beach sands).
The Florida rutile has a lower silica content, but is higher in iron. The
Australian rutile is the major component in the Ruflux and Ceramic Grade
rutile. According to CRL's website, there are about another 25 years worth
of rutile sands on North Stradbroke Island remaining. After the rutile is
separated and graded in Australia, it is shipped to the US, where it comes
to the Ferro plant in Niagara Falls. There it is blended and milled. A
typical analysis of the Ceramic Grade rutile is appended below, although
the engineer stated that every single bargeload they receive has a slightly
different chemical analysis. When they are operating their line, they test
a sample every hour for consistency. He mentioned that they process 3
million tons per year.
They also have mines in Virginia, which are solid rock mines. These they
use specifically for their zircon products, though according to my
information, there are also significant rutile and ilmenite deposits
present.
There are many other sources of rutile and titania throughout the world.
Some of the largest being mined today are located in Quebec, Canada.
Through the use of the sulphate and the chloride process, it is possible to
create synthetic rutile, and purify ilmenite and rutile to much higher
concentrations of titania. Whether any of these products are being sold to
the ceramic industry as rutile, I can't say. At the moment, I'm awaiting
faxes from a number of other sellers of rutile to the ceramic market whose
samples I hold, giving me a chemical analysis and source of their product.
Since these samples range in color from charcoal gray to lemon yellow, it
would be interesting to see where the differences lie.
Lest you think I'm some kind of certifiable wacko on this subject, rest
easy. I've just got an inquiring mind, and a line of work whose integrity
rests upon a relatively stable and constant source of rutile. I've had to
do a lot of this inquiry in order to save my bacon, from time to time. But
I must confess that I find it all pretty fascinating, as well. As I get
more info, I'll be glad to share it with the list, unless I hear a loud
chorus of NOs from the group.
Certified Analysis Report Ferro Electronic Materials
Ceramic Rutile Product #54429 Lot No. 94
SiO2 .69
Al2O3 .20
Fe2O3 .88
TiO2 94.89
ZrO2 .77
V2O5 .55
Cr2O3 .20
P3 .007
S3 .01
Best,
Richard Aerni
Bloomfield, NY
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