ranmcc on sun 23 feb 03
Chappell says you can replace spondumene with lithium. For every gram you
substitued with lithium add 1 gram of Al 2O3 and 4 grams of SiO2.
What would the actual chemical recipe be for this replacement?
Appreciate any help................
Randy
South Carolina
Jeff Tsai on sun 23 feb 03
Randy,
The breakdown suggested
"replace spondumene with lithium. For every gram you
substitued with lithium add 1 gram of Al 2O3 and 4 grams of SiO2."
would not give you a direct replacement of spodumene. It's too simplified.
first, one gram of spodumene doesn't give one gram of lithium, it's a
fraction of a gram of lithium, a fraction of a gram of alumina, and a
fraction of a gram of Silica.
If you replaced one gram of spodumene with one gram of lithium, one gram of
alumina and four grams of silica, you'd be adding a lot more material to a
glaze mix than you originally would.
You need to take into account the weight of the various molecules that
comprise Spodumene, and how those weights affect the percentage of that
material in a gram of spodumene. THis is actually quite simple if you have a
glaze formulation program on your computer, but I don't, and will leave it to
the others who do to tell you the breakdown.
-jeff
Ababi on mon 24 feb 03
Through Matrix::
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Lithium Carbonate 17.15
Custer feldspar 3.67
alumina oxide 23.01
Flint 56.15
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Seger Weight%
KNO 0.024
CaO 0.001
Li2O 0.975
Al2O3 0.974
SiO2 4.102
K2O 0.017
Na2O 0.008
It might be a slight different between the different programs because of the different
ananysis they use
---------- Original Message ----------
>Chappell says you can replace spondumene with lithium. For every gram you
>substitued with lithium add 1 gram of Al 2O3 and 4 grams of SiO2.
>What would the actual chemical recipe be for this replacement?
>Appreciate any help................
>Randy
>South Carolina
From Ababi
South Israel
Lee Love on mon 24 feb 03
Dear Ababi,
Could you run this through Matrix form me with Lithium carbonate as a
Spodumene substitute? We use it at the workshop in our white Hakame slip.
It is mostly silica and alumina. I figured out a ruff formula for subbing it
in Fergeson's original shino for Spodumene. Would be interesting to see how
close I "eyeballed" it.
Amakusa Stone
SiO2 79.87
Al2O3 13.90
Fe2O3 0.44
CaO Trace
MgO Trace
K2O 2.56
Na2O 0.28
Ig Loss 3.09
Thanks,
Lee In Mashiko
----- Original Message -----
From: "Ababi"
> Through Matrix::
> ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
>
> Lithium Carbonate 17.15
> Custer feldspar 3.67
> alumina oxide 23.01
> Flint 56.15
> ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
>
> Seger Weight%
> KNO 0.024
> CaO 0.001
> Li2O 0.975
> Al2O3 0.974
> SiO2 4.102
> K2O 0.017
> Na2O 0.008
Ababi on mon 24 feb 03
Hello Lee
The first analysis based on the Amakusa stone the way it appears in Matrix
SPODUMEN SUB FOR LEE LOVE 1
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Cone 6 1222 deg.C. -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Lithium Carbonate 17.05
Amakusa Stone 17.98
alumina oxide 21.00
silica 43.96
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Seger Weight%
KNO 0.024 0.57%
Li2O 0.976 7.73%
Al2O3 0.975 26.32%
SiO2 4.105 65.37%
K2O 0.021 0.52%
Na2O 0.003 0.06%
Al:Si 4.21
Expan. 4.65
ST 408.82
I think an add of clay will be better
Can you send me the whole recipe with the clay you use?
It might be in the Matrix database.
You can find it here
http://www.matrix2000.co.nz/MaterialsWeb
Ababi
>Dear Ababi,
> Could you run this through Matrix form me with Lithium carbonate as a
>Spodumene substitute? We use it at the workshop in our white Hakame slip.
>It is mostly silica and alumina. I figured out a ruff formula for subbing it
>in Fergeson's original shino for Spodumene. Would be interesting to see how
>close I "eyeballed" it.
>Amakusa Stone
>SiO2 79.87
>Al2O3 13.90
>Fe2O3 0.44
>CaO Trace
>MgO Trace
>K2O 2.56
>Na2O 0.28
>Ig Loss 3.09
>Thanks,
>Lee In Mashiko
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "Ababi"
>> Through Matrix::
>> ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
>>
>> Lithium Carbonate 17.15
>> Custer feldspar 3.67
>> alumina oxide 23.01
>> Flint 56.15
>> ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
>>
>> Seger Weight%
>> KNO 0.024
>> CaO 0.001
>> Li2O 0.975
>> Al2O3 0.974
>> SiO2 4.102
>> K2O 0.017
>> Na2O 0.008
Tom Buck on tue 25 feb 03
Doing substitions:
In ceramics, after a firing, Lithium will be present as the oxide,
bound into the alumina-silica matrix (macromolecule, huge network of SiO2
and Al2O3 molecules in combination). This matrix has irregularities that
make it different from a crystalline structure. And the flux oxides
Lithium (I) Oxide, Sodium (I) Oxide, Potassium (I) Oxide, Calcium (II)
Oxide, Magnesium (II) Oxide, others, are bound into the matrix to cause
the irregularities and thus result in glass (rather than a quartz-like
crystal). This is what makes a glaze different from quartz and other
crystalline substances.
Since Oxygen has a combining value of 2 (valence), when it
combines with metallic elements it requires either one or two atoms
of the metal to form a stable compound, which in turn finds a niche
in the glass matrix.
Spodumene is Lithium Feldspar, ie, a combination of
Li2O and Al2O3 (alumina) and SiO2 (silica), and the molar proportions
are tyically 1 mole Li2O, 1 mole Al2O3 and 6 moles SiO2. The analysis
of Spodumene is often: 63.7%wt SiO2; 26.1% Al2O3; 6.8% Li2O; 1.1% KNaO;
and 2.3% of CaO, Fe2O3, and P2O5. Loss on Ignition is 0.6%.
Hence, 100 grams Spodumene contains 6.8 g Li2O, 63.7 g SiO2, and 26.1 g
Al2O3 plus some KNaO. CaO, Phosphorus (V) Oxide, and Iron (III) Oxide.
Lithium Carbonate can be written as Li2O.CO2 (1 mole Li2O and
1 mole CO2) with a molecular weight of 57.88. ie, 57.88 grams will
yield 44 g CO2 & 13.88 g Li2O. You want 6.8 g Li2O, hence you want 0.49
moles of Lithium Carbonate, or 0.49x57.88=28.6 grams Li2CO3. To include
the KNaO etc, round this out to 29 grams.
Now, we have to sub for the Al2O3/SiO2 portion of Spodumene.
Again you find the molar amounts needed and sub accordingly. let's do
Al2O3 first: 26.1 g alumina. Al2O3 has this mole weight: 27x2+16x3=102
which means 26.1 g = 0.256 moles. and since the analysis of EPK is
37.5% Al2O3, 46.1 SiO2, 14.7 volatiles (+ trace materials). Or 100 g of
EPK has 37.5/102 moles, then we need approx 70% of the 100 g of EPK,
which yields the needed 0.256 moles Al2O3 but also carries SiO2 with it.
The 70 g of EPK contains 63.7x0.7=44.7 g SiO2 which in turn =s 44.7/60
0.743 moles. The Spodumene contains 63.7/60 or 1.06 moles. Hence, the
amount of silica also to be added is 1.06-0.743 = 0.317 moles or
0.317x60 = 19.0 grams.
to sub for 100 g of Spodumene, use
29 g Lithium carbonate, 70 g EPK, 19 g Flint/silica. Note
that these materials are all common glaze materials, and avoid use
of refractory materials such as alumina hydrate (trihydrate).
These numbers add more than 100 because of the volatiles in Li2CO3
& EPK.
this is how one does it, but by using glaze calcuations on a computer,
all these calculations occur in five seconds, or less.
sorry, but I cannot make it seem simpler. One must work in moles
because that is how nature works.
good pots. peace. Tom B.
Tom Buck ) -- primary address.
"alias" or secondary address.
tel: 905-389-2339 (westend Lake Ontario, province of Ontario, Canada).
mailing address: 373 East 43rd Street, Hamilton ON L8T 3E1 Canada
Ron Roy on thu 27 feb 03
Hi Randy,
I don't think this is right - if I make up Spod from Lithium carb, kaolin
and silica I get.
Lith Carb - 15.4
EPK - 58.2
Silica - 26.4
It's not going to melt like spod would however because it's mostly uncombined.
Also - lithium Carb -. is slightly soluble and will migrate in and out of
the clay body - sometimes resulting in shivering. I don't recommend any
more than 2% Lithiun Carb in glazes.
Just had a question about one that is shivering badly at cone 06 - had 14%
Lith Carb in it - worked OK the first time - shivered badly the second time
- makes me think - the Lithium Carb had time to release the Lithium ions.
In other words - don't go there - get some Spod.
RR
Ron Roy
RR#4
15084 Little Lake Road
Brighton, Ontario
Canada
K0K 1H0
Phone: 613-475-9544
Fax: 613-475-3513
Lee Love on fri 28 feb 03
----- Original Message -----
From: "Ron Roy"
>
> In other words - don't go there - get some Spod.
Hi Ron, The shipping of Spodumene to Japan is pretty expensive (about
$60.00 shipping seamail for 25lbs. and takes 6 weeks to arrive. May do this
later.)
In the shino recipe I'm looking at, the lithium replacement calls for
about 5% lithium carbonate. I imagine that most replacements would fall in
this range (closer to your recommended 2% than the 15% you suggest avoiding.)
I'll test it and report the results.
--
Lee Love
Mashiko JAPAN Ikiru@hachiko.com
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Lee Love on fri 28 feb 03
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Ron Roy"
> >
> > In other words - don't go there - get some Spod.
I just wanted to point out how excessive 15% lithium is. If you made
a glaze from 100% spodumene, you will have 15% lithium.
--
Lee In Mashiko Ikiru@hachiko.com
.
"With Humans it's what's here (he points to his heart) that makes the
difference.
If you don't have it in the heart, nothing you make will make a
difference."
~~Bernard Leach~~
(As told to Dean Schwarz)
Ron Roy on sat 1 mar 03
And an expansion so low it would crack and/or shiver off any of the usual
types of bodies we use.
When I calculate 3 different spods I get 7.23, 7.64, 5.92% Li2O - don't
forget - Lithium Carb. has an LOI of 60%
RR
>
> I just wanted to point out how excessive 15% lithium is. If you made
>a glaze from 100% spodumene, you will have 15% lithium.
>
Ron Roy
RR#4
15084 Little Lake Road
Brighton, Ontario
Canada
K0K 1H0
Phone: 613-475-9544
Fax: 613-475-3513
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